Resistance and Sensitivity Pattern of Staphylococcus Aureus; a Study in Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar

Objective: This study was done to determine the sensitivity and resistance pattern to the most common antibiotics in use. Methodology: The data for this retrospective study was obtained and analysed from October 2010 to October 2011 in Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. Purposive sampling and univariate analysis was done. 2058 samples were cultured for sensitivity using Kirby Bauer's Diffusion technique and in a period of one year, growth of Staphylococcus aureus was obtained in 723 samples. These 723 growths were obtained from clinical isolates of pus (699), blood (16) and urine (8). Fourteen drugs from five different classes of antibiotics were tested for sensitivity against Staphylococcus aureus. Results: Most of the growth was obtained from pus (96.7%). Resistance was high to all groups of antibiotics except glycopeptides. There was no case of Vancomycin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA). Out of 723 samples, 228 (31.5%) were Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The resistance to a representative antibiotic of each group is as follows: Ciprofloxacin (Fluoroquinolone) 51.7%, Cephradine (Cephalosporin) 46.2%, Amoxicillin+Clavulanic Acid (Penicillin group) 45.6%, Imipenem+Cilastatin Sodium (Carbapenem) 42.0% and Teicoplanin (Glycopeptide) 19.8%. Conclusion: Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to Teicoplanin and most of the antibiotics is high and strict guidelines are required to control unnecessary prescriptions and over the counter sale of antibiotics.